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008			210116s2021 gw | s |||| 0|eng d
020			_a9783030649388
024	7		_a10.1007/978-3-030-64938-8 _2doi
040			_aES-MaUEC _bspa _cES-MaUEC _erda _dES-MaUEC
050		4	_aHT241 _b2021 EB
100	1		_aMcBride, Joe R _eautor _4http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators/aut _9677913
245	1	0	_aReconstruction of Urban Forests : _bPost World War II and the Bosnian War _cby Joe R. McBride [y otros cinco]
250			_aFirst edition 2021
264		1	_aCham _bSpringer International Publishing _c2021
300			_a1 recurso en línea (X, 106 páginas) _b33 ilustraciones, 16 ilustraciones a color
336			_2rdacontent _aTexto _btxt
337			_2rdamedia _aelectrónico _bc
338			_2rdacarrier _arecurso electrónico _bcr
347			_aarchivo de trexto _bPDF _2rda
490	0		_aBiomedical and Life Sciences (SpringerNature-11642)
490	0		_aBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0) (SpringerNature-43708)
505	0		_a1. Introduction -- 2. Aerial bombing of cities during World War II -- 3. London -- 4. Coventry -- 5. Hamburg -- 6. Dresden -- 7. St. Petersburg -- 8. Stalingrad -- 9. Tokyo -- 10. Hiroshima -- 11. Conclusions.
520	3		_aThis book will address the destruction of urban forest in nine cities by bombing during World War II and the Bosnian War and their reconstruction in the post-war years. After reviewing the general objectives and results of aerial bombing, the book explores the effects of bombing and the reconstruction of urban forest in London, Coventry, Hamburg, Dresden, St. Petersburg, Stalingrad, Tokyo, Hiroshima, and Sarajevo. Sarajevo stands out among these cities because the destruction of its urban forest was the result of citizens cutting down trees for firewood during the siege of the city. Most of the cities studied developed plans for reconstruction either during or after the war. These plans often addressed the planning and re-establishment of the urban forest that had been destroyed. Urban planners often planned for infrastructure improvements such as new boulevards and parks where trees would be planted. After the war many of these plans were abandoned or significantly modified. Cost, resistance by property owners, control of reconstruction by authorities outside of the cities, and the lack of planting stock were factors contributing to the failure of many of the plans. Exceptions occurred in Hiroshima and Coventry where the destroyed cities became symbols of national reconstruction and every effort was made to redesign the destroyed portions of these cities as memorials to those who lost their lives and to demonstrate the rebirth of the cities. In several of the cities studied individual citizens undertook on their own the replanting of street and park trees. Their ingenuity, hard work, and dedication to trees in their cities was remarkable. A common factor limiting efforts to replant street and park trees was the lack of nursery stock. During and immediately after the wars nearly all nurseries that had supplied trees for city planting had been converted to vegetable gardens to produce food for the urban populations. The slow return to the production of trees for urban planting was a common factor in the time required in many cities to restore their street and park trees. There are lessons to be learned by urban planner, urban forester, and landscape architects from this book that will be useful in the future destruction of urban forest either by natural or man-made causes.
988			_aSpringer_BiomedLife_2021
650		7	_2embne _9161011 _aEcología urbana (Sociología)
650		7	_2embne _aBosques _9137950
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030649371
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030649395
776	0	8	_iPrinted edition: _z9783030649401
856	4	0	_uhttps://go.openathens.net/redirector/universidadeuropea.es?url=https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64938-8 _zAcceso a este recurso digital (usuarios Universidad Europea de Madrid)
942			_2lcc _cLE _n0
998			_b03/2021 _dz _ek _zSI