Introduction -- Recent research on biological actuation - what can we learn from biology -- Variable impedance actuators and their relation to biology -- State of the art of engineered actuators approaching muscle behaviours -- Applying compliant actuators in wearable robots Verstraten, Flynn, Toxiri, Calanca, Lefeber -- Conclusions.

This book discusses biologically inspired robotic actuators designed to offer improved robot performance and approaching human-like efficiency and versatility. It assesses biological actuation and control in the human motor system, presents a range of technical actuation approaches, and discusses potential applications in wearable robots, i.e., powered prostheses and exoskeletons. Gathering the findings of internationally respected researchers from various fields, the book provides a uniquely broad perspective on bioinspired actuator designs for robotics. Its scope includes fundamental aspects of biomechanics and neuromechanics, actuator and control design, and their application in (wearable) robotics. The book offers PhD students and advanced graduate students an essential introduction to the field, while providing researchers a cutting-edge research perspective.