""5.3.4 Genes Involved in Plant Growth Promotion""

""Preface""; ""Contents""; ""Contributors""; ""1 An Introduction to Endophytes""; ""Abstract""; ""1.1 Introduction""; ""1.2 Origin and Evolution of Endophytes""; ""1.3 Endophyte Diversity""; ""1.4 Isolation of Endophytes""; ""1.5 Endophytes and Plant Protection""; ""1.6 Endophytes and Metabolites""; ""1.7 Useful Biological Activities of Endophytes""; ""1.8 Endophytes in Agriculture""; ""1.9 Conclusions""; ""References""; ""2 Bacterial Endophytes of Plants: Diversity, Invasion Mechanisms and Effects on the Host""; ""Abstract""; ""2.1 Introduction""

""2.2 Rhizobial and Non-Rhizobial Endophytes of Non-Legume Plants""""2.2.1 How Endophytes Gain Access to Plant Tissues?""; ""2.2.2 Plant Growth Promotion by Endophytes""; ""2.3 Non-Rhizobial Endophytic Bacteria Within Legume Nodules""; ""2.3.1 Diversity of Endophytic Bacteria Found Inside Nodules and Their Hosts""; ""2.3.2 Mode of Entry of Bacterial Endophytes to Legume Root and Nodule Tissues""; ""2.3.3 How Plants May Benefit from Non-Symbiotic Nodule Endophytes?""; ""2.4 Conclusions""; ""References""

""3 Quorum-Quenching Endophytes: A Novel Approach for Sustainable Development of Agroecosystem""""Abstract""; ""3.1 Introduction""; ""3.1.1 Endophytes and Host Plant Interaction""; ""3.2 Quorum Sensing""; ""3.2.1 Quorum Sensing in Plant-Associated Microorganisms and Pathogens""; ""3.3 Quorum Quenching""; ""3.3.1 Quorum-Quenching Inhibitors""; ""3.3.2 Quorum-Quenching Enzymes""; ""3.3.2.1 Sources of Lactonase""; ""3.3.2.2 Microbial Sources of Acylase""; ""3.3.2.3 Sources of Oxidoreductase""; ""3.4 Control of QS Mediated Plant Disease by Quorum Quenching""

""3.4.1 Endophytes in Control of Virulence in Plant Pathogen Pectobacterium Carotovorum""""3.5 Conclusion""; ""References""; ""4 Harnessing Fungal Endophytes for Plant and Human Health""; ""Abstract""; ""4.1 Introduction""; ""4.2 Diversity of Fungal Endophytes""; ""4.2.1 Endophytic Fungal Metabolomics""; ""4.2.2 Extraction of Metabolites""; ""4.2.3 Metabolic Profiling""; ""4.3 Mechanisms of Metabolite Production""; ""4.3.1 Mevalonic Acid Pathway""; ""4.3.2 Polyketide Pathway""; ""4.3.3 Shikimate-Chorismate Pathway""; ""4.4 Endophytic Fungi and Plant Health""

""4.5 Endophytic Fungi and Human Health""""4.6 Conclusion and Future Prospects""; ""References""; ""5 Genomic Features of Mutualistic Plant Bacteria""; ""Abstract""; ""5.1 Introduction""; ""5.2 Methods of Analysis""; ""5.2.1 Data set Collection and Comparative Analysis""; ""5.3 Results and Discussion""; ""5.3.1 Unraveling Distinct Features Within Plant-Associated Bacterial Communities""; ""5.3.2 Sensing and Regulation""; ""5.3.2.1 Chemotaxis and Motility""; ""5.3.2.2 Signal Transduction""; ""5.3.2.3 Transcriptional Regulators""; ""5.3.2.4 Secretion Systems""; ""5.3.3 Transporters""

This book discusses the latest developments in our understanding of microbial endophytes, their ecology, diversity and potential biotechnological applications. It covers all the latest advances concerning the endophytic interaction of microorganisms in a wide array of plants, reported on by experts from the entire globe.  The diverse microbial community, which consists of archaeal, bacterial, fungal and protistic taxa, can be found in all plants. The endophytic lifecycle reveals how microorganisms play essential roles in plant growth, fitness and diversification. Diversity is an integral component of ecology. In soil ecology, below-ground interactions of plant and microorganisms are accomplished by endophytes, which reside in the plant's internal tissues. The microbial world in general and endophytes in particular reflect a unique degree of genetic and functional (metabolic) diversity. Currently, significant attention is being paid to endophytic microorganisms, as their repertoire of cells and metabolites hold immense potential with regard to biotechnological applications for sustainable development. The diversity of bacterial endophytes guarantees that there are endophytes capable of forming compatible associations with all agronomically important plants, including monocots and dicots. The study of endophytes' diverse nature in connection with biodiesel, medicinal and agriculturally important crop can lead to a better understanding of applicable facets.  The topics in this dynamic field of study are so diverse and vast. This volume will benefit all botanists, microbiologists, ecologists, plant pathologists, physiologists, agronomists, molecular biologists, environmentalists, policymakers, conservationists and NGOs working to protect species and prevent the loss of biologically significant genetic material.

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