Springer Biomedical and Life Sciences eBooks 2017 English+International

Contributors; About the Editors; Part I: Microbes for Sustainable Food Production; 1: Importance of Soil Microbes in Nutrient Use Efficiency and Sustainable Food Production; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 A Way Toward Healthy Soil: Integrated Soil Fertility Management; 1.3 Soil Carbon: A Key to Sustainability; 1.4 The Soil-Microbe System; 1.5 Seed Inoculants/Biopriming for Use in Agriculture; 1.6 The Rhizosphere: An Unknown World; 1.7 Use of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi; 1.8 Conclusions; References; 2: Nutrient Solubilizing Microbes (NSMs): Its Role in Sustainable Crop Production

2.1 Introduction2.2 Nitrogen; 2.2.1 Nitrogen Status in Soil; 2.2.2 Organic Nitrogen; 2.2.3 Inorganic Nitrogen; 2.2.4 Role of Nitrogen in Plants; 2.2.5 Deficiency and Excess of Nitrogen; 2.2.6 Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobacteria; 2.2.7 Symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobacteria; 2.2.8 Rhizobium (Family: Rhizobiaceae); 2.2.9 Non-symbiotic Nitrogen-Fixing Rhizobacteria; 2.2.9.1 Azotobacter (Family: Azotobacteriaceae); 2.2.9.2 Azospirillum (Family: Spirillaceae); 2.2.9.3 Acetobacter (Family: Acetobacteriaceae); 2.2.9.4 Azoarcus; 2.3 Phosphorus; 2.3.1 Phosphorus Status in Soils

2.3.2 Role of Phosphorus in Plants2.3.3 Phosphorus Fixation in Soils; 2.3.4 P-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria (PSR); 2.3.5 Mechanism of P-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria; 2.4 Potassium; 2.4.1 Potassium (K) Status in Soil; 2.4.2 Role of Potassium in Plants; 2.4.3 K-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria; 2.4.4 Mechanism of K-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria; 2.5 Zinc; 2.5.1 Zinc Status in Soils; 2.5.2 Role of Zinc in Plants; 2.5.3 Deficiency of Zinc in Plants; 2.5.4 Zn-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria (ZSR); 2.5.5 Mechanism of Zn-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria; 2.6 Silicon; 2.6.1 Silicon Status in Soils

2.6.2 Role of Silicon in Plants2.6.3 Si-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria (SSR); 2.6.4 Mechanism of Si-Solubilizing Rhizobacteria; 2.7 Role of Biotechnology to Develop Efficient Strain of Microorganism for Solubilization; 2.8 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: Implementation of Biofortification Technology by Using PGPR for Sustainable Agricultural Production; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Types of Nutrients and Their Importance for Plant Growth Enhancement; 3.3 Various Combinations of Interactions for Nutrient Uptake; 3.3.1 Rhizobacterial Interactions; 3.3.2 Fungal Interactions

3.3.3 Actinomycetes Interactions3.3.4 Cyanobacterial Interactions; 3.4 Role of Biofortifications for Enhancement of Nutrients; 3.5 Current Perspectives of PGPR Toward Biofortifications; 3.6 Conclusions and Future Prospective; References; 4: Biological Nitrogen Fixation for Sustainable Agriculture; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Diversity Among Nitrogen-Fixing Bacterial (NFB) Groups; 4.2.1 Blue-Green Algae (Cyanobacteria); 4.2.2 Lichens; 4.2.3 Associative N2 Fixers; 4.2.4 Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis; 4.2.5 N2-Fixing Nonlegumes; 4.2.6 Stem-Nodulating Legumes

This book is a compilation of case studies from different countries and covers contemporary with future prospective for sustainable development of agriculture. The book highlights the real-world as well as future generation situations facing the challenges for the twenty first century will be production of sufficient food and highlights the strengths, weaknesses and opportunities, to meet the needs of fast growing population it is imperative to increase agricultural productivity in an environmentally sustainable manner. Due to imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has a considerable negative impact on economy and environmental sustainability of nation, for the sustainable alternative means to solve these problems, the efficient utilization of biological agents have been extensively studied. Naturally existing plant-microbe-environment interactions are utilized in many ways for enhancing plant productivity. A greater understanding of how plants and microbes live together and benefit each other can therefore provide new strategies to improve plant productivity, in most sustainable way. To achieve the objective of sustainable agricultural practices there is a need for understanding both basic and applied aspects of agriculturally important microorganisms. Focus needs to be on transforming agricultural systems from nutrient deficient to nutrient rich soil-plant system. This book is split into two parts, with an aim to provide comprehensive description and highlight a holistic approach. It elucidated various mechanisms of nutrients solubilisation and its importance in enhancement of plant growth, nutrient content, yield of various crops and vegetables as well as soil fertility and health. Unit-1 in this book explains the importance of soil microbes in sustainable crop production. It contains chapters detailing the role and mechanism of action of soil microbes which enhances the productivity via various bio-chemical and molecular channels. In unit-2 the role of microbes in plant protection is elaborated. With the help of case studies of food crops, multiple ways in which soil microbes help in fighting and preventing plant diseases is explained. With the given content and layout book will be an all-inclusive collection of information, which will be useful for students, academicians, researchers working in the field of rhizospheric mechanisms, agricultural microbiology, soil microbiology, biotechnology, agronomy and sustainable agriculture and also for policy makers in the area of food security and sustainable agriculture.