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Preface; Contents; Identification, Organization, and Regulation of Centromere and Kinetochore Components; 1 Use of Mass Spectrometry to Study the Centromere and Kinetochore; Abstract; 1 Discovery of Centromere Proteins Using Anti-centromere Autoantibodies; 2 Identification of Centromere Proteins Using Yeast Genetic Screens; 3 Post-genomics Approaches to Discover Centromere Proteins: RNAi Screening in C. elegans; 4 Identification of Centromere/Kinetochore Proteins by Affinity-Purification Mass Spectrometry (AP-MS); 5 Shotgun Proteomics of Isolated Yeast Kinetochores

2 Reconstituting Centromere and Kinetochore Functions In Vitro2.1 Xenopus Egg Extract as a Versatile System for In Vitro Reconstitution; 3 Application of Frog Egg Extracts to Study Centromere and Kinetochore Function; 3.1 Epigenetic Maintenance of Centromere Identity; 3.2 CCAN Assembly; 3.3 Kinetochore Assembly; 3.4 The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint; 4 Conclusion; References; 4 Centrochromatin of Fungi; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Centromeric DNA Sequence: Many Ways to Shape a Remarkable Genetic Locus; 2.1 The Dark Matter of Fungal Centromeres Lies in the Basal Lineages

2.2 Fission Yeast, Budding Yeast, and the Dimorphic Candida as Models for Centromere Research2.3 Filamentous Fungi Contain Diverse Types of Centromeres; 3 Centrochromatin; 4 Summary; References; 5 Evolutionary Lessons from Species with Unique Kinetochores; Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 The Kinetochore Complex in Animals and Fungi; 2.1 Similarities and Variations of the Inner Kinetochore in Animals and Fungi; 2.2 The Composition of the Outer Kinetochore Is Highly Conserved in Animals and Fungi; 3 Glimpses into Kinetochore Compositions in Diverse Eukaryotes; 3.1 Supergroup Amoebozoa

3.1.4 CENP-O/P/Q/R/U3.1.5 CENP-T/S/W/X; 3.2 CCAN Organization and Functions; 3.2.1 CCAN Interaction; 3.2.2 The CCAN as a Bridge Between Centromere and Microtubule; 3.2.3 In Vitro Reconstitution of the CCAN; 3.2.4 The CCAN-Dependent Stabilization of Centromere Position; 4 Dynamic Rearrangement of CCAN Organization; 4.1 Reorganization of the CCAN During the Cell Cycle; 4.2 CCAN Organization During Development; 5 Conclusion; Acknowledgements; References; 3 The Power of Xenopus Egg Extract for Reconstitution of Centromere and Kinetochore Function; Abstract; 1 Introduction

6 Shotgun Proteomics of Whole Isolated Mitotic Chromosomes7 Use of Mass Spectrometry to Study Kinetochore Protein Complexes; 8 Use of CLMS Mass Spectrometry to Study the Ultra-structure of Kinetochore Protein Complexes; 9 Future Prospects; Acknowledgements; References; 2 Critical Foundation of the Kinetochore: The Constitutive Centromere-Associated Network (CCAN); Abstract; 1 Introduction; 2 Centromere; 2.1 Centromere Organization; 2.2 CENP-A Is a Critical Epigenetic Mark for Centromere Specification; 3 CCAN Organization; 3.1 CCAN Subcomplexes; 3.1.1 CENP-C; 3.1.2 CENP-H/I/K/M; 3.1.3 CENP-L/N

This book presents the latest advances concerning the regulation of chromosome segregation during cell division by means of centromeres and kinetochores. The authors cover both state-of-the-art techniques and a range of species and model systems, shedding new light on the molecular mechanisms controlling the transmission of genetic material between cell divisions and from parent to offspring. The chapters cover five major areas related to the current study of centromeres and kinetochores: 1) their genetic and epigenetic features, 2) key breakthroughs at the molecular, proteomic, imaging and biochemical level, 3) the constitutive centromere proteins, 4) the role of centromere proteins in the physical process of chromosome segregation and its careful orchestration through elaborate regulation, and 5) intersections with reproductive biology, human health and disease, as well as chromosome evolution. The book offers an informative and provocative guide for newcomers as well as those already acquainted with the field.