SpringerLink Springer Biomedical and Life Sciences eBooks 2017 English+International

Preface; Contents; Contributors; About the Editors; Part I: Introduction; Chapter 1: The Global Burden of Diabetes and Its Vascular Complications; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Global Burden of Diabetes; 1.3 Vascular Complications; 1.3.1 Microvascular Complications; 1.3.1.1 Diabetic Retinopathy (DR); 1.3.1.2 Diabetic Nephropathy; 1.3.1.3 Diabetic Neuropathy; 1.3.2 Macrovascular Complications; 1.3.2.1 Cardiovascular Disease; 1.3.2.2 Peripheral Vascular Disease; 1.3.2.3 Cerebrovascular Disease; 1.3.3 Overlap Between Micro and Macrovascular Complications

1.4 Mortality Due to Diabetes Associated Complications1.5 Conclusions and the Way Forward; References; Part II: Pathogenesis; Chapter 2: Genetic Basis for Increased Risk for Vascular Diseases in Diabetes; 2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Clinical Presentations of Type 2 Diabetes; 2.3 Vascular Diseases; 2.3.1 Microvascular Diseases; 2.3.2 Macrovascular Diseases; 2.4 Pathophysiology of Diabetic Complications; 2.5 Risk Assessment in the Diabetic Patient; 2.6 Risk Factors for Development of Diabetic Vascular Complications; 2.6.1 Insulin Resistance; 2.6.2 Atherogenic Dyslipidemia; 2.6.3 Hypertension

2.11.3 GWAS for Coronary Heart Diseases in Type 2 Diabetes2.11.3.1 Insights from GWAS for CHD; 2.12 Epigenetics and Diabetic Complications; 2.13 Conclusions; References; Chapter 3: Vascular Remodeling in Diabetes Mellitus; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Overview of Vascular Remodeling; 3.3 Mediators of DM Induce VRM; 3.3.1 Hyperglycemia and Related Metabolic Abnormalities; 3.3.1.1 Polyol and Hexosamine Pathway; 3.3.1.2 Diacyglycerol (DAG); 3.3.2 Advanced Glycation End Products (AGE); 3.3.2.1 Receptor Mediated Mechanisms; 3.3.2.2 Non-receptor Mediated Mechanisms; 3.3.3 Insulin Abnormalities

3.3.4 Excess Free Fatty Acid Production3.3.5 Increased Angiotensin II and Endothelin-1; 3.3.6 DM Associated Hyperlipidemia and Hypertension; 3.3.7 Abnormal Shear Stress; 3.4 Pathophysiological Mechanisms of Diabetes Induced Vascular Remodeling; 3.4.1 Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Dysfunction; 3.4.2 Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Autophagy; 3.4.3 Inflammation; 3.4.4 Vascular Calcification; 3.4.4.1 Mechanisms of Vascular Calcification; 3.4.5 Genetic and Epigenetic Effects on Diabetic VRM; 3.5 Overview of Morphological Changes in DM Induced VRM; 3.5.1 Endothelial Cell Alterations

This book comprising 24 chapters is devoted to the mechanisms for the pathogenesis of the spectrum of vascular diseases in diabetes. Cellular events and molecular pathways that regulate the structure and function of both small and large arteries, the dysregulation in these vessels caused by hyperglycemia, oxidative stress, metabolic and haemostatic derangements secondary to diabetes, are discussed. Mechanisms of vascular remodelling and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques in diabetes are also covered. Several of the reviews also discuss therapeutic targets and drugs employed to reduce endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in diabetes. All articles are authored by experts in their respective research fields. This compendium will be of interest to both basic scientists and clinicians in the pursuit of unravelling the molecular basis of vascular diseases and also to those who seek to identify targets for therapy of vascular complications of diabetes.