SpringerLink Springer Engineering eBooks 2017 English+International

Preface; Contents; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Background of Fault Detection and Pipelines' Diagnosis; 1.3 Monograph Description; References; 2 An Overview of Transient Fault Detection Techniques; 2.1 Introduction; 2.1.1 Flow Characteristics; 2.1.2 Governing Equations; 2.1.3 Detection Principle; 2.1.4 Major Considerations and Categorizations; 2.2 Current Transient Fault Detection Techniques; 2.2.1 Transient Reflection Method (TRM) ; 2.2.2 Transient Damping Method (TDM) ; 2.2.3 System Response Method (SRM); 2.2.4 Inverse Transient Method (ITM) ; 2.3 Critical Remarks.

2.3.1 Evaluation of Techniques2.3.2 Obstacles in Application; 2.4 Promising Research Directions ; 2.5 Conclusions; References; 3 Numerical Issues and Approximated Models for the Diagnosis of Transmission Pipelines; 3.1 Introduction; 3.1.1 Matrices' Notations; 3.2 Base Model of the Flow Process; 3.3 Assessment of the Model's Singularity; 3.4 Aggregated Model; 3.5 Selection of the Discretization Grid; 3.6 Analytic Inversion of the Recombination Matrix; 3.6.1 Tridiagonal Matrix Inversion Method; 3.6.2 Diagonal Approximation Model; 3.7 Analysis of the Models; 3.8 Conclusions; References.

4 One-Dimensional Modeling of Pipeline Transients4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Water Hammer Equations ; 4.3 Friction Modeling; 4.4 Finite-Difference Discretization; 4.5 Fault Models; 4.5.1 Leak Modeling; 4.5.2 Obstruction Modeling; 4.6 Boundary Conditions; 4.7 Application Examples; 4.7.1 Example 1: Modeling with Two Pressure Boundary Conditions; 4.7.2 Example 2: Modeling with Flow-Pressure Boundary Conditions; 4.7.3 Example 3: Modeling with Flow-Pressure Boundary Conditions and Pump-Restriction Models; 4.8 Conclusion; References; 5 Observer Tools for Pipeline Monitoring; 5.1 Introduction.

5.2 Principle for Observer-Based Pipeline Monitoring5.2.1 Model-Based Approach; 5.2.2 Model Discretization; 5.2.3 Observer Formulation; 5.3 Examples of Observer Tools for Pipeline Monitoring; 5.3.1 Linear Approaches; 5.3.2 Nonlinear Approaches; 5.4 Conclusions; References; 6 Auxiliary Signal Design and Liénard-type Models for Identifying Pipeline Parameters; 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Recalls on Observability; 6.3 Input Optimization Algorithm; 6.4 Recalls on Liénard Equation; 6.5 Liénard-type Models for a Pipelines; 6.5.1 Hydraulic Equations; 6.5.2 Liénard Representation.

6.5.3 Extension of the Input Optimization Algorithm to Liénard-type Models for Pipelines6.6 Tests: Parameter Identification in a Pipeline; 6.6.1 Simulation Test: Estimation of the Friction Coefficient and the Wave Speed; 6.6.2 Experimental Test: Estimation of the Friction Coefficient and The Equivalent Length; 6.7 Conclusions; References; 7 Recursive Scheme for Sequential Leaks' Identification; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 Fluid Model; 7.2.1 Friction Sensitivity in a Branched Pipeline; 7.3 Input -- Output Equivalent Models with Variant Friction; 7.4 Recursive Algorithm for Sequential Leaks' Location.

This book focuses on the analysis and design of advanced techniques for on-line automatic computational monitoring of pipelines and pipe networks. It discusses how to improve the systems' security considering mathematical models of the flow, historical flow rate and pressure data, with the main goal of reducing the number of sensors installed along a pipeline. The techniques presented in the book have been implemented in digital systems to enhance the abilities of the pipeline network's operators in recognizing anomalies. A real leak scenario in a Mexican water pipeline is used to illustrate the benefits of these techniques in locating the position of a leak. Intended for an interdisciplinary audience, the book addresses researchers and professionals in the areas of mechanical, civil and control engineering. It covers topics on fluid mechanics, instrumentation, automatic control, signal processing, computing, construction and diagnostic technologies.