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About the Author; Abbreviations; Part I: Conventional Approaches for Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials Synthesis; Chapter 1: General Introduction; 1.1 Introduction to Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials; 1.2 Nanomaterials Properties; 1.2.1 Physical Properties of Nanomaterials; 1.2.2 Physico-Chemical Properties of Nanomaterials; 1.2.3 Chemical Properties of Nanomaterials; 1.2.4 Biological Properties of Nanomaterials; 1.3 Nanomaterials Morphology; 1.3.1 Size Parameters and Size Distributions; 1.3.2 Shape Characteristics.

1.4 Overview of General Approaches for Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials SynthesisCase Study 1.1 Gold Nanoparticles Inhibit VEGF165-Induced Proliferation of HUVECs and bFGF-Induced Proliferation of NIH3T3 Cel ... ; References; Part II: Biological Approaches for Nanoparticles and Nanomaterials Synthesis; Chapter 2: Synthesis of Nanomaterials by Prokaryotes; 2.1 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Bacteria; 2.1.1 Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles; 2.1.2 Synthesis of Iron Based Magnetic Nanoparticles; 2.1.2.1 Mechanism of Biomineralization of Magnetite Crystals and Iron Uptake.

2.1.2.2 Some Theoretical Principles for Nanoparticles Magnetic Characterizations2.1.3 Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles; 2.1.3.1 Mechanism of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesis by Bacteria; 2.1.4 Theoretical Aspects of Bacterial Cell Cultivation; 2.1.4.1 Calculation of Bacteria Generation Time; 2.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles By Viruses; 2.2.1 Synthesis of Fe Based Nanocomposite by T4 Bacteriophage Virus; 2.2.2 Synthesis of Pt, Au, or Ag Nanoparticles by Tobacco Mosaic Virus; 2.2.3 Synthesis of Gold NPs by Virus Mediated Reduction.

3.3.1.1 Mechanism of Ag NPs Synthesis by Yeast Yarrowia Lipolytica NCYC 7893.3.2 Synthesis of Iron Containing Magnetic NPs; 3.3.3 Biosynthesis of Copper NPs by the Yeast Rhodotorula Mucilaginosa; Case Study 3.1 Preparation of Fungus Biomass for Nanoparticles Synthesis; References; Chapter 4: Phyto-Synthesis of Nanomaterials; 4.1 Green Chemistry or Phytonanotechnology; 4.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Plants and Plant Extracts; 4.2.1 Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles; 4.2.2 Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles; 4.2.3 Synthesis of Copper Nanoparticles.

Case Study 2.1 Biosynthesis, Purification, and Characterization of Ag NPs Using Escherichia ColiReferences; Chapter 3: Eukaryotic Synthesis of Nanomaterials; 3.1 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Algae; 3.1.1 Gold Nanoplates Synthesized in the Algal Extract; 3.1.2 Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles; 3.2 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Fungi; 3.2.1 Synthesis of Gold NPs by Cell-Free Fungi Extract; 3.2.1.1 Mechanism of Gold NPs Synthesis by Fungi; 3.2.2 Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles; 3.2.3 Synthesis of CdS Nanoparticles; 3.3 Synthesis of Nanoparticles by Yeast; 3.3.1 Synthesis of Silver NPs.

This book covers biological synthesis approaches for nanomaterials and nanoparticles, including introductory material on their structure, phase compositions and morphology, nanomaterials chemical, physical, and biological properties. The chapters of this book describe in sequence the synthesis of various nanoparticles by microorganisms, bacteria, yeast, algae, and actynomycetes; plant and plant extract-based synthesis; and green synthesis methods. Each chapter provides basic knowledge on the synthesis of nanomaterials, defines fundamental terms, and aims to build a solid foundation of knowledge, followed by explanations, examples, visual photographs, schemes, tables and illustrations. Each chapter also contains control questions, problem drills, as well as case studies that clarify theory and the explanations given in the text. This book is ideal for researchers and advanced graduate students in materials engineering, biotechnology, and nanotechnology fields. As a reference book this work is also appropriate for engineers in R & D and product manufacturing.