SpringerLink Springer Biomedical and Life Sciences eBooks 2017 English+International

Preface; Plant Epigenetics: From Genotype to Phenotype; Contents; Conservation, Divergence, and Abundance of MiRNAs and Their Effect in Plants; 1 Introduction; 2 General Aspects of MiRNAs; 3 Biogenesis and Action of MiRNAs; 4 Classification, Conservation, Divergence, and Abundance of MiRNAs in Plants; 5 MiRNA Functions in Plants; 6 Pleiotropic Effects of MiRNAs; 7 Conclusions and Future Prospects; References; The Role of MiRNAs in Auxin Signaling and Regulation During Plant Development; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Auxins; 1.2 MiRNAs; 2 Biogenesis and Function of MiRNAs in Plants.

3 Evolution of Plant MicroRNA Genes4 Gene Regulation by MicroRNAs in Plants; 5 MiRNAs in Auxins Signaling and Homeostasis; 5.1 Auxin Homeostasis and MiRNAs; 5.2 Auxin Signaling and MiRNAs; 6 Role of MiRNA in Plant Growth and Development Mediated by Auxins; 7 Concluding Remarks; References; Growing Diversity of Plant MicroRNAs and MIR-Derived Small RNAs; 1 Introduction; 2 Micro RNAs in the Plant Small RNA World; 3 MiRNA-Mediated DNA Methylation; 3.1 First Evidences for an Indirect Link Between MiRNAs and DNA Methylation; 3.2 MIR-Derived sRNAs: The Real Players in MiRNA-Mediated DNA Methylation.

3.1 Canonical miRNAs3.1.1 Evolution of miRNAs in AA Genome Oryza Species; 3.1.2 MiRNA Genes Under Positive Selection in Cultivated Rice; 3.1.3 MiRNA Targets Under Positive Selection in Cultivated Rice; 3.2 Long miRNAs; 3.3 Phased siRNAs; 3.4 Heterochromatic siRNAs; 4 Conclusions and Future Prospects; References; Small RNAs: Master Regulators of Epigenetic Silencing in Plants; 1 Introduction; 2 Nuclear sRNA-Dependent Gene Silencing; 3 Small RNA-Directed DNA Methylation in Plants; 4 Mechanism of Transposon Repression by sRNAs and Silencing of Transposons; 5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives.

4 Epigenetic Control of MIR Genes4.1 Impact of Histone Modifications of MIR Loci on MiRNA Expression; 4.2 DNA Methylation of MIR Genes Affects MiRNA Expression; 4.3 Link Between MIR Gene DNA Methylation and Plant Stress Response; 5 Computational Tools for Plant MiRNA Analysis from NGS Datasets; References; An Evolutionary View of the Biogenesis and Function of Rice Small RNAs; 1 Introduction; 2 Evolution of Core RNA Interference (RNAi) Pathway Genes in Rice; 2.1 Dicer-Like; 2.2 RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerases; 2.3 Hua Enhancer 1; 2.4 Argonaute; 3 Evolution of Rice Small RNAs and Their Targets.

This book presents, in 26 chapters, the status quo in epigenomic profiling. It discusses how functional information can be indirectly inferred and describes the new approaches that promise functional answers, collectively referred to as epigenome editing. It highlights the latest important advances in our understanding of the functions of plant epigenomics and new technologies for the study of epigenomic marks and mechanisms in plants. Topics include the deposition or removal of chromatin modifications and histone variants, the role of epigenetics in development and response to environmental signals, natural variation and ecology, as well as applications for epigenetics in crop improvement. Discussing areas ranging from the complex regulation of stress and heterosis to the precise mechanisms of DNA and histone modifications, it presents breakthroughs in our understanding of complex phenotypic phenomena.