Incluye referencias bibliográficas

1: Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS): Definition, Incidence, and Outcome; 1.1 Definition of ARDS; 1.1.1 From the First Clinical Description to the First Consensus Definition of ARDS; 1.1.2 The Current Berlin Definition; 1.1.3 What Are the Limitations of the Current Definition?; 1.2 Incidence and Outcome of ARDS; 1.2.1 Has Mortality Decreased Over Time?; 1.2.2 How Can We Explain the Lack of Improvement in Outcome in ARDS?; 1.2.3 Causes of Death and Subphenotypes in Patients with ARDS; 1.2.4 Long-Term Outcome; References.

2: Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome2.1 Introduction; 2.2 Pathophysiology of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: The Actors; 2.2.1 Alveolar Macrophages; 2.2.2 Neutrophils; 2.2.3 Alveolar Epithelium; 2.2.4 Alveolar Endothelium; 2.3 Pulmonary Versus Extrapulmonary ARDS: The Myth Is a Fact; 2.4 ARDS Phenotypes; 2.4.1 Septic and Cancer Phenotypes; 2.4.2 Trauma and Transfusion Phenotypes; 2.5 Future Perspectives for Translation of Experimental Models into Therapy; References; 3: Ventilation Strategies: Tidal Volume and PEEP; 3.1 Introduction.

3.2 Respiratory System Structural Dysfunction After ARDS3.3 Tidal Volume and PEEP During Spontaneous Ventilatory Support in ARDS Patients; 3.4 Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in ARDS Patients: Role of Tidal Volume; 3.5 Limiting the Tidal Volumes in ARDS with Modern Ventilators; 3.6 Low Tidal Volumes Must Generate Low Driving Pressures to Assure It Is Really Protective to ARDS Patients; 3.7 Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in ARDS Patients: Role of End-Positive Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) Levels.

3.8 Interaction Between Low Tidal Volume and High PEEP Levels During Invasive Mechanical Ventilation in ARDS PatientsReferences; 4: Ventilation Strategies: High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation; 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Mechanisms of Gas Transport and Exchange; 4.2.1 Bulk Convection; 4.2.2 Molecular Diffusion; 4.2.3 Asymmetric Velocity Profiles; 4.2.4 Taylor Dispersion; 4.2.5 Pendelluft Phenomena; 4.2.6 Cardiogenic Mixing; 4.2.7 Collateral Ventilation; 4.3 Principles of Non-injurious Mechanical Ventilation and HFOV Settings; 4.3.1 Protection of the Lungs; 4.3.2 Protection of the RV.

4.4 Complications of HFOV4.5 Adjunctive Therapies to HFOV; 4.6 Clinical Evidence for the Use of HFOV; References; 5: Ventilation Strategies: Recruitment Maneuvers; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Physiology of Recruitment Maneuvers; 5.2.1 Definition and Rationale; 5.2.2 Consequences and Safety; 5.3 Techniques of Recruitment Maneuvers; 5.3.1 Sigh; 5.3.2 Sustained Inflation; 5.3.3 Slow Stepwise Maneuvers; 5.4 Evaluation of Recruitment Maneuver Effects; 5.4.1 Blood Gas Analysis and PaO2/FiO2 Ratio; 5.4.2 Compliance and Pressure-Volume Curve; 5.4.3 Computed Tomography; 5.4.4 Lung Ultrasound.

This book covers all clinical aspects of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), from definition to treatment, focusing on the more recent recommendations and evidence-based medicine. The addressed topics are the various ventilation strategies, the impact of prone positioning, the use of partial and total extracorporeal support, the value of vasodilators, the weaning from mechanical ventilation, the pharmacological interventions, noninvasive ventilation, and the strategies using anti-inflammatory agents and stem cells. Furthermore, different related topics are also discussed, such as lung imaging, sedation, metabolic support, and hemodynamic instability. A concluding chapter specifically addresses ARDS in children. This up-to-date volume, written by experts in the field, will be of value for all health care practitioners seeking state of the art on the management of patients with this complex syndrome.