SpringerLink Springer Biomedical and Life Sciences eBooks 2017 English+International

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Preface; Contents; About the Editor; Part I: Biomedicine; Role of Bacteria in Nanocompound Formation and Their Application in Medical; 1 Introduction; 2 Role of Bacteria in Nanocompound Formation; 2.1 Intracellular Biosynthesis; 2.2 Extracellular Biosynthesis; 2.3 Synthesis of Metal Nanocompounds; 2.3.1 Synthesis of Silver NPs (AgNPs); 2.3.2 Synthesis of Gold NPs (AuNPs); 2.3.3 Synthesis of Copper NPs (CuNPs); 2.3.4 Synthesis of Magnetic NPs (MNPs); 2.3.5 Synthesis of Quantum Dots (QDs); 3 Factors Affecting NP Synthesis by Microbes; 3.1 Age and Concentration of the Microbial Cell Culture.

3 Biomedical Application of Compounds Isolated from Marine Actinobacteria3.1 Cancer; 3.2 Antibacterial and Antifungal; 3.3 Antimalaria, Anti-inflammatory, Antifouling, etc.; 4 Conclusion and Future Perspectives; References; Antimycobacterial Agents: To Target or Not to Target; 1 Introduction; 2 Existing Treatment Regime; 2.1 Drug-Sensitive TB; 2.2 Multidrug-Resistant (MDR) TB; 2.3 Extremely Drug-Resistant (XDR) and Totally Drug-Resistant (TDR) TB; 3 Mechanism of Action; 3.1 First-Line Drugs; 3.1.1 Isoniazid; 3.1.2 Rifampicin; 3.1.3 Ethambutol; 3.1.4 Streptomycin; 3.1.5 Pyrazinamide.

3.2 Concentration of Metal Salt/Substrate Used3.3 pH; 3.4 Temperature; 3.5 Incubation Time; 4 Mechanism of Nanocompound Formation by Microbes; 4.1 Mechanism for the Synthesis of AgNPs by Bacteria; 4.2 Mechanism of Synthesis of AuNPs by Microbes; 4.3 Mechanistic Action of Microbial Synthesis of CuNPs; 4.4 Mechanism of MNPs; 4.5 Mechanism of Synthesis of Quantum Dots; 5 Multi-scale Characterization of Nanocompounds; 5.1 Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM); 5.2 Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM); 5.3 Atomic Force Microscope (AFM); 5.4 Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS); 5.5 UV-Vis Spectroscopy.

4.1 Association of Melatonin with Cancer4.2 Antibacterial Property of Melatonin; 4.3 Antifungal Property of Melatonin; 4.4 Melatonin in Reproduction; 4.5 Antiviral Activity of Melatonin; 5 Conclusion; References; Major Source of Marine Actinobacteria and Its Biomedical Application; 1 Introduction; 1.1 Actinobacteria; 2 Actinobacteria Associated with Marine Flora and Fauna; 2.1 Actinobacteria Associated with Marine Flora; 2.1.1 Mangroves, Seagrasses, and Seaweeds; 2.2 Marine Fauna; 2.2.1 Ascidians and Mollusks; 2.2.2 Corals, Sponges, and Fish.

5.6 Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR)6 Medical Applications of Nanocompounds; 6.1 Antimicrobial Activity; 6.2 Imaging for Diagnostics; 6.2.1 Imaging for Disease Diagnostics; 6.2.2 Imaging for Cancer Detection; 6.3 Therapy; 6.3.1 Cancer Treatment; 6.3.2 Disease Treatment; 6.3.3 Radiotherapy; 6.4 Theranostics; 7 Conclusions; 8 Future Perspectives; References; Microbial Source of Melatonin and Its Clinical Aspects; 1 Introduction; 2 Melatonin Production in Different Microorganisms; 3 Synthesis and Regulation of Melatonin; 4 Functions of Melatonin.

This contributed volume provides insights into multiple applications using microbes to promote productivity in agriculture, to produce biochemicals or to respond to challenges in biomedicine. It highlights the microbial production of nanocompounds with medical functionality alongside new anti-mycobacterial strategies, and introduces plant-growth-promoting Rhizobacteria as well as the correlation between biofilm formation and crop productivity. Further, the authors illustrate the green synthesis of biochemical compounds, such as hydroxamid acid or biosurfactants, using microbial and fungal enzymes. It inspires young researchers and experienced scientists in the field of microbiology to explore the combined use of green, white and red biotechnology for industrial purposes, which will be one of the central topics for future generations.