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880-01 Foreword; Preface; Contents; 1: Genetic Considerations and Reproductive Planning in Women with MS; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 Fertility, Obstetrical Management, and Safety of MSTherapies (Conception, Gestation, Breastfeeding); 1.3 Reproductive Decision-Making: Retrospective Data; 1.4 Reproductive Concerns of MS Patients; 1.4.1 Genetics of Multiple Sclerosis; 1.5 Reproductive Counseling in MS; 1.6 Pediatric MS; 1.7 Summary; References; 2: Fertility and Assisted Reproductive Techniques in Women with MS; 2.1 The Reproductive Cycle and Fertility/Infertility; 2.1.1 Fertility in General.

2.1.2 Ovarian Cycle; 2.1.3 Uterine Cycle; 2.2 Epidemiology of Female Fertility in Multiple Sclerosis; 2.3 Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ARTs) and MS; 2.3.1 ARTs andHormonal Approaches in General; 2.3.2 ARTs and MS: Existing Studies; 2.4 Concluding Remarks; References; 3: Pregnancy Considerations and Pregnancy Outcomes in Women with MS; 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Pregnancy Considerations; 3.2.1 Times Have Changed for Pregnancy in MS; 3.2.2 Women of Childbearing Age Are Susceptible to Relapsing-Remitting MS; 3.2.3 Changing Temporal Trends in Female to Male Ratio of MS.

3.2.4 Women with MS Have a Milder Disease Course; 3.2.4.1 Disentangling Effects ofPhenotype, Gender, and Age of Clinical Onset; 3.2.4.2 Age at Onset in MS and Age at Pregnancy Overlap; 3.2.4.3 Evidence from Natural History Studies; 3.2.4.4 Evidence from MRI and Cognition Studies; 3.2.5 The Risk of MS in Relation to Parity Status; 3.2.6 MS Onset in Relation to Pregnancy; 3.2.7 Getting Pregnant with MS (Patient's Perspective); 3.2.7.1 Concerns; 3.2.7.2 Practices; 3.2.8 Final Comments; 3.3 Pregnancy Outcomes in MS; 3.3.1 Effect of MS onPregnancy, Delivery, and Birth Outcomes.

3.3.2 Effects ofPregnancy on MS (Until 2 Years After Delivery); 3.3.3 Effects of Breastfeeding on MS; 3.3.4 Effects of Epidural Anesthesia and Cesarian Delivery on MS; 3.3.5 Postpartum Emotional Distress andSocial Support; 3.3.6 Long-Term Effects of Pregnancy and Postpartum on MS (>2Years); 3.3.6.1 Relapse Rate, Disability, and Risk of Secondary Progression; 3.3.6.2 Time from Onset to Reach Ambulatory Disability Milestones; 3.3.6.3 Age of Reaching Ambulatory Disability Milestones; 3.3.7 How to Explain a Potential Beneficial Effect of Pregnancy?

This book addresses specific concerns of females affected by multiple sclerosis, where women are disproportionally impacted by the disease. MS is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system affecting young adults of reproductive age. This book presents the current understanding of genetic variables, hormonal influences, immunological milieu and neurological outcomes, discussing issues such as fertility, pregnancy management, and menopause, as well as end of life care and mortality in women with MS. With contributions by international experts, this interdisciplinary book will serve as a useful reference and guide for MS specialists, general neurologists, obstetricians/gynecologists, physicians in training, family practice doctors, clinical nurse specialists in multiple sclerosis, €and all other healthcare professionals involved in the care and treatment of women affected by MS.