SpringerLink Springer Biomedical and Life Sciences eBooks 2017 English+International

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Preface; Contents; Part I: A Brief History of Biomarkers and Mental Illness; Chapter 1: Psychiatric Disorders as "Whole Body" Diseases; A Brief History of Psychiatric Disease: The Curse of the Gods?; Is It All in the Blood or Other Body Fluids?; What Went Wrong in the Middle Ages?; Phase 1; Phase 2; Phase 3; Phase 4; Famous People with Psychiatric Disorders; Is It All in the Mind?; The Basics: Neurotransmission; The Disconnectivity Theory of Mental Disorders; What Can We Learn About Brain Function by Studying the Serum?

Chapter 2: Treatment of€Psychiatric Disorders: Time for€a€Paradigm Change? What Is the€Clinical Need?; What Is a€Biomarker?; Clinical Examples; Case 1; Case 2; Case 3; Case 4; Current Diagnostic Practices in€Psychiatry; How Might Biomarkers Be€Used in€Psychiatry?; As an€Aid to€Diagnosis; Identification of€Diagnostic Subgroups; Treatment Response Prediction; Helping to€Redefine the€Diagnostic Categories; Helping to€Identify Staging of€Psychiatric Diseases; What Kinds of€Biomarkers Have Been Identified?; Future Prospects.

Chapter 3: The Importance of€Biomarkers: The€Required Tools of€the€Trade Why Do We€Need Biomarkers in€Psychiatry?; Proteomics; What Are the€Main Biomarker Technologies?; Mulitplex Immunoassay; Two-Dimensional Gel Electrophoresis; Mass Spectrometry; 1H-Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy; Imaging Techniques; Future Prospects; Part II: Psychiatric Diseases ; Chapter 4: Schizophrenia and€the€Mind-Body Connection; How Do We€Currently Diagnose Schizophrenia?; Can This Be€Improved By Incorporation of€Biomarkers?; Schizophrenia Symptoms; Positive Symptoms; Negative Symptoms.

Cognitive Symptoms Diagnostic Tools; DSM; Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS); Brain Effects; Neurotransmitter Theories of Schizophrenia; Dopamine; Glutamate; GABA; Acetylcholine; Serotonin; The Link Between the Brain and the Periphery; Are There Any Novel Treatments on the Horizon?; Can We Improve Treatment Response of Patients Using Biomarkers?; Development of Biomarker Tests to Detect Schizophrenia Before Disease Onset; Future Prospects in Schizophrenia Research; Chapter 5: Progress for Better Treatment of Depression; Why Is It Difficult to Diagnose Depression?

Diagnostic Tools DSM-5; Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D); Why Is It So€Difficult to€Treat Depression?; What Is Going on€in€the€Brains of€Depressed Patients and€Why Does It Take Antidepressants So€Long to€Work?; Can We€Detect Depression Using Biomarkers in€the€Blood?; Stress Hormones; Other Hormones; Growth Factors; Inflammation; Oxidative Stress; Can We€Develop a€Blood Test for€Major Depressive Disorder?; Are There Any Novel Treatments on€the€Horizon for€Depression?; Future Prospects in€Depression Research; Chapter 6: The Special Case of€Bipolar Disorder.

Employing accessible language throughout, this book covers the history of psychiatric research, the current state-of-the art in psychiatric practice, the physiological systems affected by psychiatric illnesses, the whole-body nature of these diseases and the impact that this aspect has on emerging biomarker discoveries. Further, it provides descriptions of the major specific psychiatric disorders and the special challenges regarding the diagnosis and treatment of each. The book concludes with insights into the latest developments in hand-held biomarker test devices, which can provide diagnostic information in less than 15 minutes in point-of-care settings. This book investigates the emerging use of biomarkers in the study of psychiatric diseases, a topic of considerable importance for a broad range of people including researchers, clinicians, psychiatrists, university students and even those whose lives are affected in some way by a psychiatric illness. The last category is hardly trivial, since a staggering one in three people worldwide show the criteria for at least one psychiatric disorder at some point in their lifetime. .