Foreword; Opinion; Contents; About the Author; 1: Introduction; 2: My Journey from€a€Rural Surgeon to€an€Author; 3: Understanding Biostatistics, Probability, and€Tests of€Significance; Skewed Distribution Curve; 4: Understanding Basic Statistical Terms; Measures of€Central Tendency; Measures of€Dispersion or Spread; Variance and€Standard Deviation; Confidence Interval and€Confidence Level; Errors Type 1 and€Type 2 (Alpha and€Beta, Respectively); Factors Increasing Type II Error (False Negativity); Conditional Probability; Independence.

8: Writing an Article for Journals Clear Message; Type of the Articles ; Quality Indicators of a Journal; Indexing; Impact Factor; Uniform Requirement for Manuscript Submission; What Happens After Submission?; Common Reasons for Rejection of Article or Article Sent Back for Changes (Problems in the Article) ; Best Chance of Acceptance ; Plagiarism; Peer Review; Copyright; Literature Review; Scholarly Databases; Limitations and Issues; Open-Access Journals; Publish or Perish?; 9: Evidence-Based Medicine; What Is EBM?; Why Do We Need EBM?; How?

Correlation: Relation Between Two Factors Positive Correlation; Negative Correlation; Correlation Coefficient (r); Regression; Linear Regression; Other Types of€Regressions; Logistic Regression; Multiple Regression: To€Predict an€Outcome; The Poisson Regression (Distribution); Cox Regression; Survival Analysis; Kaplan-Meier Estimator or Survival Graph; Multivariate Analysis; Power of€a€Study; 7: Designing a€Study/Clinical Trial/Dissertation, Etc.; General Considerations; Concerns While Designing a€Trial; Negative Results; Teamwork; Phases of€Trials: Applies to€New Drugs.

Normal or Gaussian Distribution and€Skewed Distribution5: Tests of€Significance; Chi-Square Test or Simply Chi Test; Fisher's Exact Test; Formula for€Fisher's Test;! Is the€Symbol for€Factorial; Student's T Test or Gosset's Test; One- and€Two-Tailed Tests; Paired T Tests; ANOVA; Which Test to€Use?; Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon (MWW) Test; Summary; 6: Other Commonly Used Concepts; ANalysis Of€VAriance (ANOVA); Rank Test: Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test; Risk and€Risk Ratio; Odds; Odds Ratio; Relative Risk Reduction (RRR), Absolute Risk Reduction (ARR), and€Number Needed to€Treat (NNT).

Some Commonly Used Terms Parallel Studies and€Crossover Study; Planning and€Pilot Study; Sample Size; Pilot Study; Collection and€Compilation of€Data; Data; Types of€Study; Data Collection; Bias; Sampling; Sampling Errors and€Nonsampling Errors; Data Analysis and€Inference; Presentation of€Data and€Results; Tables; Bar Chart; Pie Chart; Line Chart; Area Chart; Doughnut Chart; Histogram; Difference Between Histogram and€Bar Chart; Clinical Audit; Clinical Audit Versus Research; Clinical Audit Is an€Ongoing Process; Problems with€Audit; Methodology.