Every neurosurgeon as well as many surgeons in other disciplines, including plastic and orthopedic surgeons, may unexpectedly be confronted with an entrapment syndrome or a nerve trauma. With a view to preventing costly transfers to expert clinics, this manual for practitioners offers optimized step-by-step figures illustrating how best to approach every relevant nerve lesion. Clear advice is also provided on differential diagnosis from inflammatory neuropathies, which will assist in avoiding false indications for surgery. This is a true manual for practitioners that offers excellent guidance for all surgeons while in the operating theater.