Anatomy of the adrenal gland -- Indications for adrenalectomy -- Open versus Minimally Invasive approach -- Retroperitoneoscopic versus laparoscopic adrenalectomy -- Retroperitoneoscopic approach in malignant disease -- Anesthesia in posterior retroperitoneoscopic approach -- Technical steps of posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy -- Intraoperative complications -- Management of vascular injuries (IVC) -- Converting to open surgery -- Final outcomes -- Robotic surgery and innovation.

This book will offer for the first time a step-by-step description of the posterior retroperitoneoscopic adrenalectomy, a minimally invasive technique, moving the gold standard of laparoscopic adrenalectomy towards the retroperitoneoscopic approach. Detailed information about the technique, the advantages over other approaches, the technical steps, the potential complications and how to solve them, outcomes, and robotics, will be offered to readers. This practical guide will be of great interest for all general surgeons and urologists already performing adrenal surgery, and for those that wish to start performing adrenalectomy.