Part I) Designing Your Research -- 1) Study Typology: An Overview -- 2) Diagnostic Studies Made Easy -- 3) Common Pitfalls in Research Design and Its Reporting -- Part II) Basic Statistical Analysis -- 4) Introduction to Statistical Method: Hypothesis, Aim, Errors, p-value, Bias -- 5) Analyzing Continuous Variables: Descriptive Statistics, Dispersion and Comparison -- 6) Analyzing Categorical Variable: Descriptive Statistics and Comparisons -- Part III) Advanced Statistics -- 7) Multiple Regressions -- 8) Survival Analyses of Surgical Data in Practice: How to Survive -- 9) Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis -- 10) Randomized Trials and Case Control Matching Techniques -- 11) Difference-in-Difference Techniques and Causal Inference -- 12) An Introduction to Machine Learning Based Predictive Modeling Methods for Acute Care and General Surgeons -- 13) Statistical Editor's Practical Advice for Data Analysis.

The main aim of this book is to offer an easy tool to read a scientific article with greater awareness, to understand and evaluate it more thoroughly, and to better plan research. Today, in the era of evidence-based medicine, both research and daily patient-focused clinical practice are no longer possible without a thorough knowledge of the literature and its continuous updates. Written by surgeons for surgeons, this practical book makes the basic concept of statistics and research methodology easy to understand and apply for young surgeons and researchers, students and residents.