Primer on Ontologies -- The Gene Ontology and the Meaning of Biological Function -- Primer on the Gene Ontology -- Best Practices in Manual Annotation with the Gene Ontology -- Computational Methods for Annotation Transfers from Sequence -- Text Mining to Support Gene Ontology Curation and Vice Versa -- How Does the Scientific Community Contribute to Gene Ontology? -- Evaluating Computational Gene Ontology Annotations -- Evaluating Functional Annotations of Enzymes Using the Gene Ontology -- Community-Based Evaluation of Computational Function Prediction -- Get GO!: Retrieving GO Data Using AmiGO, QuickGO, API, Files, and Tools -- Semantic Similarity in the Gene Ontology -- Gene-Category Analysis -- Gene Ontology: Pitfalls, Biases, and Remedies -- Visualizing GO Annotations -- A Gene Ontology Tutorial in Python -- Annotation Extensions -- The Evidence and Conclusion Ontology (ECO): Supporting GO Annotations -- Complementary Sources of Protein Functional Information: The Far Side of GO -- Integrating Bio-Ontologies and Controlled Clinical Terminologies: From Base Pairs to Bedside Phenotypes -- The Vision and Challenges of the Gene Ontology.

Open Access

This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a practical and self-contained overview of the Gene Ontology (GO), the leading project to organize biological knowledge on genes and their products across genomic resources. Written for biologists and bioinformaticians, it covers the state-of-the-art of how GO annotations are made, how they are evaluated, and what sort of analyses can and cannot be done with the GO. In the spirit of the Methods in Molecular Biology book series, there is an emphasis throughout the chapters on providing practical guidance and troubleshooting advice. Authoritative and accessible, The Gene Ontology Handbook serves non-experts as well as seasoned GO users as a thorough guide to this powerful knowledge system.