Enzymology of Nitric Oxide Synthases -- Purification of the Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase -- Purification of the Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase -- Cloning and Expression of Human Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase -- Cloning and Expression of Human eNOS and nNOS Using the Baculovirus-Insect Cell System -- Assay of NOS Activity by the Measurement of Conversion of Oxyhemoglobin to Methemoglobin by NO -- Measurement of NOS Activity by Conversion of Radiolabeled Arginine to Citrulline Using Ion-Exchange Separation -- Radiochemical Measurement of NOS Activity by Conversion of [14C]L-Arginine to Citrulline Using HPLC Separation -- The Enzymatic Measurement of Nitrate and Nitrite -- Determination of NOS Activity Using Cyclic-GMP Formation -- Determination of NO with a Clark-Type Electrode -- The Measurement of NO in Biological Systems Using Chemiluminescence -- Measurement of NO Using Electron Paramagnetic Resonance -- Measurement of eNOS and iNOS mRNA Expression Using Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction -- Measurement of NOS mRNA by Northern Blotting and the Ribonuclease-Protection Assay -- Detection of NOS Isoforms by Western-Blot Analysis -- Immunohistochemical Localization of NOS Isoforms -- A Practical Protocol for the Demonstration of NOS Using In-Situ Hybridization -- Use of NO Donors in Biological Systems -- Making and Working with Peroxynitrite -- The Use of NO Gas in Biological Systems -- A Microtiter-Plate Assay of Human NOS Isoforms -- Use of Arginine Analogs as Inhibitors of Nitric Oxide Synthase in Rat-Aortic Rings -- Measurement of Biopterin and the Use of Inhibitors of Biopterin Biosynthesis -- A Sensitive Assay for the Enzymatic Activity of GTP Cyclohydrolase I -- Simultaneous Measurement of Mitochondrial Function and NO -- Release of NO from Donor Compounds: A Mathematical Model for Calculation of NO Concentrations in the Presence of Oxygen -- The Determination of Nitrotyrosine Residues in Proteins -- Measurement of DNA Damage Using the Comet Assay -- Methods for the Study of NO-Induced Apoptosis in Cultured Cells.