Invention and Early History of Morpholinos: From Pipe Dream to Practical Products -- Making a Morpholino Experiment Work: Controls, Favoring Specificity, Improving Efficacy, Storage, and Dose -- Aggregation and Disaggregation of Morpholino Oligomers in Solution -- End-Modifications on Morpholino Oligos -- Inducible Inhibition of Gene Function with Photomorpholinos -- Blocking Zebrafish microRNAs with Morpholinos -- Using Morpholinos to Examine Gene Function During Fin Regeneration -- Using Morpholinos to Probe Gene Networks in Sea Urchin -- Manipulating Gene Expression in the Chick Embryo -- Inhibition of Bacterial Growth by Peptide-conjugated Morpholino Oligomers -- Use of Translation Blocking Morpholinos for Gene Knock-Down in Giardia lamblia -- Regulation of Isoform Expression by Blocking Polyadenylation Signal Sequences with Morpholinos -- Targeting Functional Non-coding RNAs -- Use of Morpholino Oligomers for Pretargeting -- Diagnostic Applications of Morpholinos and Label-free Electrochemical Detection of Nucleic Acids -- Intranasal Delivery of Peptide-Morpholinos to Knockdown Influenza Host Factors in Mice -- Systemic Delivery of Morpholinos to Skip Multiple Exons in a Dog Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy -- In vivo and Explant Electroporation of Morpholinos in the Developing Mouse Retina.<intracerebroventricular delivery="" in="" mice="" for="" motor="" neuron="" diseases.-="" of="" morpholino="" antisense="" oligonucleotides="" to="" a="" developing="" ovine="" conceptus="" via="" luminal="" injection="" into="" ligated="" uterine="" horn.-="" surface="" plasmon="" resonance-based="" concentration="" determination="" assay:="" label-free="" and="" antibody-free="" quantification="" morpholinos.-="" ultrasensitive="" hybridization-based="" elisa="" method="" the="" phosphorodiamidate="" biological="" samples. .

This volume presents a historical perspective on Morpholinos, an overview of good Morpholino practices, techniques for controlling Morpholino activity with light, techniques for modulating microRNA activity in zebrafish embryos, probing genes during fin regeneration, methods for determining to structure of gene networks during development, electroporation, bacterial knockdowns, pretargeting, diagnostic applications of Morpholinos, techniques for delivering Morpholinos in utero to developing embryos, and methods offering rapid, hands-free, label-free and inexpensive assays of Morpholino concentrations in biological extracts. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Morpholino Oligomers: Methods and Protocols aims to provide a diverse application of Morpholinos along with protocols that will assist new labs in moving the frontier.