This is the first book offering a comprehensive, yet concise, view on both the challenges and opportunities related to the use of big data in health care. The different chapters report on different perspectives: from health management to patient safety; from the human factor perspective to the ethical and economic ones, and more. By providing a historical background on the use of big data, and critically analyzing current approaches together with issues and challenges related to their applications, the work presented not only sheds light on the problems of big data, but also paves the way for possible solutions and future research directions. The book offers a useful reference guide to health information technology professionals, healthcare managers, healthcare practitioners, and patients alike, helping them in their decision making processes, as well as to students and academicians learning or dealing with data science related research issues in healthcare.